The Yellowdog Updater, Modified (YUM) is a free and open-source command-line package-management utility for computers running the Linux operating system using the RPM Package Manager. YUM is repalced with dnf.
DNF or Dandified YUM is the next-generation version of the Yellowdog Updater, Modified (yum), a package manager for .rpm-based Linux distributions. DNF was introduced in Fedora 18 in 2013; it has been the default package manager since Fedora 22 in 2015 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 and OpenMandriva, and is also an alternative package manager for Mageia.
Perceived deficiencies of yum (which DNF is intended to address) include poor performance, high memory usage, and the slowness of its iterative dependency resolution. DNF uses libsolv, an external dependency resolver.[
DNF performs package management tasks on top of RPM, and supporting libraries.
Put your repos in separate files named file.repo in /etc/yum.repos.d.
dnf -h Options: -h, --help show this help message and exit -y, --assumeyes answer yes for all questions ........
To update installed packages:
# dnf -y update
This must be done at least once a week or before installing new packages.
After kernel update reboot the server. After deamon updates restart service. If not sure reboot server.
# dnf repolist repo id repo name appstream Rocky Linux 9 - AppStream baseos Rocky Linux 9 - BaseOS crb Rocky Linux 9 - CRB epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 epel-cisco-openh264 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 extras Rocky Linux 9 - Extras mariadb-main MariaDB Server mariadb-maxscale MariaDB MaxScale mariadb-tools MariaDB Tools plus Rocky Linux 9 - Plus remi-modular Remi's Modular repository for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 remi-safe Safe Remi's RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64
To install packages:
dnf install package1 [package2] [...]
The installer checkes for dependecies and installs them also if necesary.
Yum is an alias for dnf.
# dnf --noautoremove erase mariadb
# dnf info firewalld
Last metadata expiration check: 0:28:17 ago on Tue Oct 29 00:21:36 2024.
Installed Packages
Name : firewalld
Version : 1.3.4
Release : 1.el9
Architecture : noarch
Size : 2.0 M
Source : firewalld-1.3.4-1.el9.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : minimal
Summary : A firewall daemon with D-Bus interface providing a dynamic firewall
URL : http://www.firewalld.org
License : GPLv2+
Description : firewalld is a firewall service daemon that provides a dynamic customizable
: firewall with a D-Bus interface.
# dnf history ID | Command line | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 166 | -y update | 2025-02-28 21:08 | Upgrade | 1 165 | -y update | 2025-02-26 14:03 | Upgrade | 4 164 | -y update | 2025-02-24 16:53 | C, E, I, U | 26 EE 163 | -y update | 2025-02-21 10:22 | Upgrade | 1 162 | -y update | 2025-02-14 15:45 | C, E, I, U | 35 EE 161 | -y update | 2025-02-12 09:59 | Upgrade | 5 160 | -y update | 2025-02-08 15:32 | C, E, I, U | 20 EE 159 | -y update | 2025-02-05 21:53 | Upgrade | 34 158 | install prosody | 2025-02-05 21:39 | Install | 1 157 | --noautoremove erase prosody | 2025-02-05 21:37 | Removed | 1 EE .....
DNF Automatic is an alternative command-line interface to DNF that is suited for automatic and regular execution by using systemd timers, cron jobs, and other such tools.
DNF Automatic synchronizes package metadata as needed, checks for updates available, and then performs one of the following actions depending on how you configure the tool:
The outcome of the operation is then reported by a selected mechanism, such as the standard output or email.
# dnf install dnf-automatic
You can use the following timers:
# systemctl start <timer_name> # systemctl enable <timer_name>
Optional: Check when each of the timers on your system ran the last time:
# systemctl list-timers --all